Application progress of swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography in ophthalmology / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(SS-OCTA)is a new vascular imaging technique that was recently proposed. It has the advantages of being non-invasive, quick, high-resolution, and automated vascular stratification imaging. It is extremely helpful in the early diagnosis of ophthalmology-related diseases, as well as in the evaluation of treatment effectiveness and the tracking of disease progression. Based on the foundation of OCTA, SS-OCTA utilizes a fast-tuning laser with a wavelength of 1 050 nm for deeper penetration and non-invasive depth-resolved imaging of the retinal and choroidal microvascular systems, deepening the understanding of the characteristics of a wide range of ophthalmic diseases(fundus lesions, glaucoma, neurodegenerative diseases, etc.). The structures of the anterior segment of the eye can also be studied using SS-OCTA, including changes in the depth and density of corneal neovascularization as well as changes in iris neovascularization before and after therapy. This approach provides a novel tool for ophthalmic clinical practice. The development of the clinical use of SS-OCTA technology in ophthalmology is reviewed in this article.

Effects of flexibility exercises to prevent knee injuries in tennis players / Efeitos dos exercícios de flexibilidade para prevenção em lesões do joelho nos tenistas / Efectos de los ejercicios de flexibilidad para prevención de lesiones de rodilla en jugadores de tenis

ABSTRACT Introduction: Despite the intrinsic benefits of sports practice, the adherence to tennis by a large part of the population without the due physical preparation apparently resulted in a high rate of knee joint injuries in tennis players, either in daily training or competitions. Objective: Prevent tennis players' knee joint injuries by exploring ways to improve lower limb joint stability. Methods: This paper selected 50 national second-level professional tennis players and divided them into two groups. Both groups had daily tennis training, but the experimental group experienced additional lower limb flexibility exercises. Results: The tennis players in the experimental group increased their seated forward flexion from 22.19 cm to 26.96 cm, the knee joint extensor muscle strength index increased from 142.69 to 176.23, and the knee joint flexor muscle strength index increased from 93.21 to 149.28, P<0.05, with significant differences. The general stability index was changed from 0.23 to 0.20, the internal and external indices varied from 0.13 to 0.08, and the frontal and posterior indices changed from 0.13 to 0.08. Conclusion: Knee joint injuries in tennis players can be effectively combated by adding lower limb flexibility exercise protocol to daily training. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: Apesar dos benefícios intrínsecos da prática esportiva, a adesão do tênis por grande parte da população sem o devido preparo físico aparentemente resultou numa alta taxa de lesões articulações do joelho dos tenistas, seja no treinamento diário de tênis ou em competições. Objetivo: Prevenir a lesão das articulações do joelho dos tenistas, explorando as formas de melhorar a estabilidade das articulações dos membros inferiores. Métodos: Este artigo selecionou 50 tenistas profissionais nacionais de segundo nível e os dividiu em dois grupos. Ambos os grupos tiveram treinamento diário de tênis, porém o grupo experimental experimentou exercícios adicionais de flexibilidade para os membros inferiores. Resultados: Os tenistas do grupo experimental aumentaram sua flexão sentados para frente de 22,19 cm para 26,96 cm, o índice a força muscular extensora da articulação do joelho aumentou de 142,69 para 176,23, e o índice da força muscular flexora da articulação do joelho aumentou de 93,21 para 149,28, P<0,05, com diferenças significativas. O índice de estabilidade geral foi alterado de 0,23 para 0,20, os índices internos e externos variaram de 0,13 para 0,08, e os índices frontal e posterior mudaram de 0,13 para 0,08. Conclusão: As lesões articulares nos joelhos dos tenistas podem ser efetivamente combatidas adicionando o protocolo de exercício de flexibilidade para os membros inferiores ao treinamento diário. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: A pesar de los beneficios intrínsecos de la práctica deportiva, la adhesión del tenis por gran parte de la población sin la debida preparación física aparentemente resultó en un alto índice de lesiones articulares de rodilla de los tenistas, ya sea en el entrenamiento diario de tenis o en competiciones. Objetivo: Prevenir las lesiones articulares de rodilla de los tenistas explorando formas de mejorar la estabilidad articular del miembro inferior. Métodos: Este trabajo seleccionó a 50 tenistas profesionales nacionales de segundo nivel y los dividió en dos grupos. Ambos grupos realizaron un entrenamiento diario de tenis, aunque el grupo experimental experimentó ejercicios adicionales de flexibilidad de las extremidades inferiores. Resultados: Los tenistas del grupo experimental aumentaron su flexión sentada hacia delante de 22,19 cm a 26,96 cm, el índice de fuerza muscular extensor de la articulación de la rodilla aumentó de 142,69 a 176,23, y el índice de fuerza muscular flexor de la articulación de la rodilla aumentó de 93,21 a 149,28, P<0,05, con diferencias significativas. El índice de estabilidad general varió de 0,23 a 0,20, los índices interno y externo variaron de 0,13 a 0,08, y los índices frontal y posterior variaron de 0,13 a 0,08. Conclusión: Las lesiones de la articulación de la rodilla en jugadores de tenis pueden combatirse eficazmente añadiendo un protocolo de ejercicios de flexibilidad de las extremidades inferiores al entrenamiento diario. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

China Hospital Pharmacovigilance System-based study of trimetazidine-associated Parkinson's syndrome / 中国基层医药

Objective:To evaluate the active monitoring methods and population characteristics of trimetazidine-associated Parkinson's syndrome.Methods:The clinical data of patients with trimetazidine-associated Parkinson's syndrome who received treatment in Liaocheng People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed using the China Hospital Pharmacovigilance System (CHPS).Results:In 4 883 patients included in the study,167 patients were alarmed by CHPS, of which 26 patients were confirmed positive by manual rechecks. The rate of positive pre-alarming by CHPS was 15.57%. The actual incidence of trimetazidine-associated Parkinson's syndrome was 0.53%. The average age of the 26 patients with Parkinson's syndrome was (75.08 ± 10.79) years. None of the 26 patients had a past history/family history of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. There were 21 patients (80.77%) aged over 65 years, 19 patients (73.08%) with a history of ischemic encephalopathy, 17 patients (65.38%) with positive symptoms in both limbs, 20 patients (76.92%) with abnormal brain CT or MRI findings, and 21 patients (80.77%) with medication doses of 60-70 mg/d. Among the 26 patients, 18 were female patients (69.23%) and 18 were patients with normal renal function (69.23%). The follow-up results showed that trimetazidine administration was not terminated in 14 patients (53.85%), symptoms were not alleviated or worsened in 8 patients (30.77%), and symptoms were alleviated or disappeared in 18 patients (69.23%).Conclusion:The use of CHPS can timely detect trimetazidine-associated Parkinson's syndrome. CHPS has significant advantages over traditional monitoring modes. Age > 65 years and a previous history of ischemic encephalopathy are risk factors for developing trimetazidine-associated Parkinson's syndrome. No history/family history of idiopathic Parkinson's disease, positive Alzheimer's disease symptoms in both limbs and abnormal brain CT and MRI findings contribute to early diagnosis and differentiation of trimetazidine- associated Parkinson's syndrome. Trimetazidine-associated Parkinson's syndrome is more common in women than in men. Trimetazidine-associated Parkinson's syndrome can also occur in a population with normal renal function or under a normal trimetazidine dose condition. Trimetazidine-associated Parkinson's syndrome is relatively rare. Patients with trimetazidine- associated Parkinson's syndrome have low awareness. Because of the difficult diagnosis and serious consequences, there is a need to strengthen research on trimetazidine-associated Parkinson's syndrome.

Read-through circular RNA rt-circ-HS promotes hypoxia inducible factor 1α expression and renal carcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To identify and characterize read-through RNAs and read-through circular RNAs (rt-circ-HS) derived from transcriptional read-through hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and small nuclear RNA activating complex polypeptide 1 (SNAPC1) the two adjacent genes located on chromosome 14q23, in renal carcinoma cells and renal carcinoma tissues, and to study the effects of rt-circ-HS on biological behavior of renal carcinoma cells and on regulation of HIF1α.@*METHODS@#Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Sanger sequencing were used to examine expression of read-through RNAs HIF1α-SNAPC1 and rt-circ-HS in different tumor cells. Tissue microarrays of 437 different types of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were constructed, and chromogenic in situ hybridization (ISH) was used to investigate expression of rt-circ-HS in different RCC types. Small interference RNA (siRNA) and artificial overexpression plasmids were designed to examine the effects of rt-circ-HS on 786-O and A498 renal carcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness by cell counting kit 8 (CCK8), EdU incorporation and Transwell cell migration and invasion assays. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to exa-mine expression of HIF1α and SNAPC1 RNA and proteins after interference of rt-circ-HS with siRNA, respectively. The binding of rt-circ-HS with microRNA 539 (miR-539), and miR-539 with HIF1α 3' untranslated region (3' UTR), and the effects of these interactions were investigated by dual luciferase reporter gene assays.@*RESULTS@#We discovered a novel 1 144 nt rt-circ-HS, which was derived from read-through RNA HIF1α-SNAPC1 and consisted of HIF1α exon 2-6 and SNAPC1 exon 2-4. Expression of rt-circ-HS was significantly upregulated in 786-O renal carcinoma cells. ISH showed that the overall positive expression rate of rt-circ-HS in RCC tissue samples was 67.5% (295/437), and the expression was different in different types of RCCs. Mechanistically, rt-circ-HS promoted renal carcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness by functioning as a competitive endogenous inhibitor of miR-539, which we found to be a potent post-transcriptional suppressor of HIF1α, thus promoting expression of HIF1α.@*CONCLUSION@#The novel rt-circ-HS is highly expressed in different types of RCCs and acts as a competitive endogenous inhibitor of miR-539 to promote expression of its parental gene HIF1α and thus the proliferation, migration and invasion of renal cancer cells.

Prophylactic vaccines for hepatitis type E / 中华肝脏病杂志

Over the past few years, hepatitis type E has been increasingly recognized as an underestimated global disease burden. Populations with severe infection-related injuries or deaths include pregnant women, patients with underlying liver disease, and the elderly. Vaccines are the most effective means to prevent hepatitis type E virus (HEV) infection. However, the development of inactivated or attenuated vaccines is not feasible due to the lack of an efficient HEV cell culture system, so researchers have conducted in-depth research on recombinant vaccines. The capsid protein (pORF2), which the virion's open reading frame 2 encodes, contains almost exclusively the HEV neutralization site. Several candidate vaccines based on pORF2 have demonstrated potential for primate protection, with two being well tolerated and highly effective in preventing hepatitis type E in adults. Hecolin® (HEV 239 vaccine), the world's first hepatitis type E vaccine, was approved for marketing in China in 2012.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in acute leukemia patients with the SET-NUP214 fusion gene: Efficacy and survival analysis / 中华内科杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for patients with acute leukemia who are positive for the SET-NUP214 fusion gene (SET-NUP214+AL). Methods: This was a retrospective case series study. Clinical data of 18 patients with SET-NUP214+AL who received allo-HSCT in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and Soochow Hongci Hematology Hospital from December 2014 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed to investigate treatment efficacy and prognosis. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Results: Of the 18 patients, 12 were male and 6 were female, and the median age was 29 years (range, 13-55 years). There were six cases of mixed phenotype acute leukemia (three cases of myeloid/T, two cases of B/T, one case of myeloid/B/T), nine cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (one case of B-ALL and eight cases of T-ALL), and three cases of acute myeloid leukemia. All patients received induction chemotherapy after diagnosis, and 17 patients achieved complete remission (CR) after chemotherapy. All patients subsequently received allo-HSCT. Pre-transplantation status: 15 patients were in the first CR, 1 patient was in the second CR, 1 was in partial remission, and 1 patient did not reach CR. All patients were successfully implanted with stem cells. The median time of granulocyte and platelet reconstitution was +12 and +13 days, respectively. With a median follow-up of 23 (4-80) months, 15 patients survived, while 3 patients died. The cause of death was recurrence of SET-NUP214+AL after transplantation. After allo-HSCT, 5 patients relapsed. The estimated 3-year overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) rates were 83.3%±15.2% and 55.4%±20.7%, respectively. Among the 15 patients who achieved CR before transplantation, there was no significant difference in OS and RFS between haploidentical HSCT and matched sibling donor HSCT (all P>0.05). Conclusions: Allo-HSCT can improve the prognosis and long-term survival rate of patients with SET-NUP214+AL. Disease recurrence is the most important factor affecting long-term survival.

Effects of soluble glycoprotein 130 on expression of p-STAT3 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A in retina of mice with diabetes mellitus / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To observe the effect of soluble glycoprotein 130(sgp130)on expression of p-STAT3 and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-A in retina of mice with diabetes mellitus(DM), and explore the possibility of sgp130 in interfering with inflammatory damage of diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS: A total of 45 mice were randomly divided into normal group, DM group and sgp130 group. DM models were made in DM group and sgp130 group with streptozotocin. No special intervention was given to normal group and DM group, but sgp130 group was given intravitreal injection of 1.5mg/mL sgp130 2μL at the 1 and 5wk. After 10wk, all the mice were sacrificed to assess the protein expression of interleukin 6(IL-6), p-STAT3 and VEGF-A in the retina.RESULTS: The expressions of IL-6, p-STAT3 and VEGF-A in retina of DM group were higher than those of normal group at 10wk(all P<0.01). The expression of p-STAT3 and VEGF-A in sgp130 group were lower than those in DM group(all P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The sgp130 can selectively antagonize the trans signal transduction pathway of IL-6, down-regulate the expression of downstream inflammatory factors VEGF-A, and it may be used in the intervention of retinal inflammatory damage related with IL-6 in DM.

Preliminary exploration of the metabolic profile and metabolic pathways in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To explore the metabolite profile and metabolic pathways of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed for the high-throughput detection and identification of serum samples from 55 patients with MM and 37 healthy controls matched for age and sex from 2016 to 2017 collected at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of quality control (QC) samples was employed to validate the reproducibility of GC-MS approach. The differential metabolites between patients with MM and healthy controls were detected by partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA), and t-test with false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Metabolomics pathway analysis (MetPA) was employed to construct metabolic pathways. Results: There were 55 MM patients, including 34 males and 21 females. The median age was 60 years old (42-73 years old). There were 30 cases of IgG type, 9 cases of IgA type, 1 case of IgM type, 2 cases of non-secreted type, 1 case of double clone type and 12 cases of light chain type, including 3 cases of kappa light chain type and 9 cases of lambda light chain type. The result of QC sample test showed that the proportion of compounds with the RSD of the relative content of metabolites < 15% was 70.21% obtained by the reproducibility of GC-MS experimental data, which implied that the experimental data were reliable. A total of 17 metabolites were screened differently with the healthy control group, including myristic acid, hydroxyproline, cysteine, palmitic acid, L-leucine, stearic acid, methionine, phenylalanine, glycerin, serine, isoleucine, tyrosine, valine, citric acid, inositol, threonine, and oxalic acid (VIP>1, P<0.05). Metabolic pathway analysis suggested that metabolic disorders in MM patients comprised mainly phenylalanine metabolism, glyoxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid metabolism, phosphoinositide metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. Conclusion: Compared with normal people, patients with newly diagnosed MM have obvious differences in metabolic profiles and metabolic pathways.

Subcutaneous terbutaline and oral nifedipine for intrapartum fetal resuscitation: a prospective randomized controlled study / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To compare the safety and efficacy of terbutaline and nifedipine for acute intrapartum fetal resuscitation (IUFR).Methods:This was a prospective randomized controlled study involving 110 pregnant women with non-reassuring fetal heart rate tracings (NRFHT) during delivery at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center between January and April 2021. These women were randomly allocated to receive subcutaneous terbutaline sulphate (0.25 mg, terbutaline group) or oral nifedipine (10 mg, nifedipine group), with 55 subjects in each group. Hemodynamic parameters including blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation before and 5, 15 and 30 min after treatment as well as the success rate of intrapartum resuscitation, the onset time of medication, and the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage were analyzed using t test, Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Results:Two groups both showed no significant difference in the mean arterial pressure or oxygen saturation before or after treatment (all P>0.05). The heart rate was not affected in nifedipine group at any time points ( P>0.05). While the patients treated with terbutaline showed accelerated maternal heart rate 5, 15 and 30 min after administration as compared with the baseline[(97.0±20.2), (99.2±13.8), (91.8±12.6) vs (81.7±11.3) bpm, all P<0.001], but it began to decrease at 30 min, with a drop of 6.4 bpm compared with that at 15 min (95% CI: 1.5-11.2, P<0.05). None of the pregnant women had adverse reactions requiring medical intervention. The rates of successful acute resuscitation were similar in the two groups [terbutaline: 78.2% (43/55) vs nifedipine: 70.9% (39/55), χ 2= 0.77, P=0.381]. Terbutaline had a shorter onset time than nifedipine in slowing the frequency of contractions and returning fetal heart rate to class Ⅰ category [2(1-6) vs 6(1-10) min, U=2 348.50, P<0.001]. No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of NRFHT-indicated cesarean section, assisted vaginal delivery, or second dose of tocolysis within 1 h (all P>0.05) nor in blood loss volume, postpartum hemorrhage rate, low Apgar score, low umbilical artery pH value (pH<7.2), neonatal asphyxia rate, or neonatal intensive care admission rate (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Terbutaline spends less time than nifedipine to take effect and may be an alternative for acute IUFR without significant adverse outcomes.

Clinical characteristics of vasa previa with low-lying placenta / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of vasa previa (VP) with low-lying placenta (LP).Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted on pregnant women with VP who delivered at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from January 2015 to August 2021. According to the status of LP, these cases were classified into VP with LP (VP+LP) and VP without LP (VP-LP) group. The cases diagnosed with placenta previa (PP, n=128) during the same period were collected as control. Maternal-fetal clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared among the three groups using t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test (or Fisher's exact test). Results:During the study period, 116 VP cases were diagnosed, accounting for 0.085% (116/136 450) of all deliveries. Apart from one case of intrauterine death caused by non-VP reasons in the third trimester, there were 64 in the VP+LP group and 51 in the VP-LP group. VP+LP cases accounted for about 2.9% (64/2 219) of all the cases with PP or LP. The proportions of multiparae and women with a history of cesarean section were significantly higher in the VP+LP group than in the VP-LP group [62.5% (40/64) vs 39.2% (20/51), χ 2= 6.17, P=0.013; 31.3% (20/64) vs 13.7% (7/51), χ 2= 4.85, P=0.028]. Besides, a rare type of VP (type Ⅲ) was only found in the VP+LP group (9.4%, 6/64). The median gestational age at first diagnosis by prenatal ultrasound was significantly larger in the VP+LP group than in the VP-LP group [28.3 (23.6-31.7) vs 23.9 (23.3-25.9) weeks, Z=2.61, P=0.007]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of antepartum hemorrhage between the two groups. In contrast, the amount of postpartum hemorrhage was significantly increased in the VP+LP group [550 (436-732) vs 420 (300-540) ml, Z=3.37, P=0.001]. Compared with the VP-LP group, the VP+LP group showed a lower incidence of lower neonatal Apgar score (<7 at 5 min) and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy [0.0%(0/64) vs 6.9%(4/58), 0.0%(0/64) vs 8.6% (5/58), Fisher's exact test, both P<0.05]. No neonatal death was reported in the VP+LP and VP-LP groups. No significant difference in the incidence of antepartum hemorrhage was found between the VP+LP group and the PP group. Still, the median time at delivery was earlier [36.0 (34.3-36.9) vs 37.0 (35.7-37.3) weeks, Z=3.79, P<0.001], and the incidence of abnormal fetal heart rate was higher [10.9% (7/64) vs 3.1% (4/128), Fisher's exact test , P=0.044] in the VP+LP group. Furthermore, the neonatal NICU admission rate and the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome were significantly higher in the VP+LP group than in the PP group [36.4% (24/66) vs 12.1% (16/132), χ 2= 16.04, P<0.001; 25.8% (17/66) vs 12.1% (16/132), χ 2= 5.89, P=0.015]. Conclusions:For VP+LP cases, there might be an additional type (type Ⅲ VP). Patients with VP+LP would have more blood loss within 24 h after delivery and a higher risk of adverse neonatal outcomes. Intensive attention should be paid to those diagnosed with LP during the third trimester to identify any VP.

Claudin-1 and Claudin-3 as Molecular Regulators of Myelination in Leukoaraiosis Patients

OBJECTIVES: Leukoaraiosis is described as white matter lesions that are associated with cognitive dysfunction, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Myelin depletion is a salient pathological feature of, and the loss of oligodendrocytes is one of the most robust alterations evident in, white matter degeneration. Recent studies have revealed that claudin proteins are aberrantly expressed in leukoaraiosis and regulate oligodendrocyte activity. However, the roles of claudin-1 and claudin-3 in oligodendrocytes and leukoaraiosis are still not well-defined. METHODS: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the expression of claudin-1 (CLDN1), claudin-3 (CLDN3), and myelinogenesis-related genes such as myelin basic protein (MBP), proteolipid protein (PLP), oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (OLIG2), and SRY-box transcription factor 10 (SOX10) in leukoaraiosis patients (n=122) and healthy controls (n=122). The expression of claudin-1 and claudin-3 was either ectopically silenced or augmented in Oli-neu oligodendrocytes, and colony formation, apoptosis, and migration assays were performed. Finally, the expression of myelin proteins was evaluated by western blotting. RESULTS: Our results revealed that in addition to SOX10, the expression levels of claudin-1, claudin-3, and myelinogenesis-related proteins were prominently downregulated in leukoaraiosis patients, compared to those in healthy controls. Furthermore, the growth and migration of Oli-neu cells were downregulated upon silencing claudin-1 or claudin-3. However, the overexpression of claudin-1 or claudin-3 resulted in the reduction of the degree of apoptosis in Oli-neu cells. In addition, claudin-1 and claudin-3 promoted the expression of MBP, OLIG2, PLP, and SOX10 at the translational level. CONCLUSION: Our data has demonstrated that the abnormal expression of claudin-1 and claudin-3 regulates the pathological progression of leukoaraiosis by governing the viability and myelination of oligodendrocytes. These findings provide novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying the roles of claudin-1 and claudin-3 in leukoaraiosis.

An investigation on nurse-related empowerment perception of inpatients with chronic diseases / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To describe the status and influencing factors of nurse-related empowerment perception in inpatients with chronic diseases.Methods:Totally 586 inpatients with chronic diseases from 6 class A hospitals in Shanghai from November 2019 to September 2020 were investigated by the Chinese version of Patient Perception of Patient-empowering Nurses Behaviors (PPPNBS), Self-Efficacy of Chronic Diseases (SECD6), Nurse-patient Trust Scale (NPTS), Chinese version of Chronic Illness Resource Survey (CV-CIRS) and a general information questionnaire which was designed by researchers.Results:The total score of PPPNBS was (134.98 ± 59.60) points, and the average score for each item was (6.14 ± 2.71) points. The total score of SECD6 was (38.81 ± 9.28) points. The total score of NPTS was (141.94 ± 11.42) points, and the total score of CV-CIRS was (57.90 ± 15.24) points, which were positively correlated with empowerment perception through Pearson correlation analysis. Multiple Linear Regression showed that the degree of education, the number of forms and compliance of health education, the times of admission, participation intention in medical decision-making, the dimension of Symptom Management in Self-efficacy, three dimensions of consistency, respect, and confidence in knowledge and technology in Nurse-Patient Trust degree and four dimensions of medical staff support, organization support, family and friends support, media and government support in Chronic Illness Resource were influencing factors of patients ′ empowerment perception (adjusted R 2 value was 0.636, F value was 79.441, P<0.01). Conclusions:Compared with the foreign level, the perception of nurses ′ empowerment of inpatients with chronic diseases is at a lower level, and self-efficacy, nurse-patient trust and chronic disease resource support are all at a medium level, which still need to be improved. Nurses should allow them to participate in their treatment, improve the control of life and reduce their anxiety.

Contamination and antimicrobial resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from seafood in a place of Zhejiang Province / 上海预防医学

Objective:To understand the contamination and antimicrobial resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood sold in a place of Zhejiang Province， and to provide basic data for the prevention and control of food-borne diseases caused by V. parahaemolyticus. Methods:V. parahaemolyticus was isolated and identified from seafood according to GB 4789.7—2013 method. The virulence genes were identified by real-time fluorescent PCR， and the antimicrobial sensitivity test was performed by Kirby-Bauer method. Results:V. parahaemolyticus was isolated from 55 of 210 seafood samples. The detection rate was 26.19%， and the detection rates of different species were quite different. None of the 55 isolates contained virulence genes tdh and trh， while all isolates have species-specific genes tlh and toxR. Most isolates were resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin， with the same antimicrobial resistance rate of 96.36%. All isolates were fully sensitive to ampicillin/sulbactam， tetracycline， ciprofloxacin， levofloxacin， loxacin and chloramphenicol. Conclusion:V. parahaemolyticus contamination is common in sold seafood. The antimicrobial resistance of the isolates has reached a certain level. Monitoring of the pollution status of V. parahaemolyticus in seafood should be strengthened and the aquaculture and clinical use of antibiotics should be standardized.

Serum cardiac troponin I predicts the outcome of patients with aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage treated with endovascular coil embolization / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate the predicting value of cardiac serum troponin I (cTnI) levels for the clinical outcome of patients with aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) after endovascular coil embolization.Methods:Patients with aSAH treated with endovascular coil embolization in the Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 were enrolled retrospectively. The baseline data, clinical grade, serum cTnI and N-terminal-pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, electrocardiogram, aneurysm characteristics, endovascular treatment status, and complications of the patents were collected. The outcomes were evaluated by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 d after onset. Poor outcome was defined as >2 points. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors for poor outcomes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of serum cTnI levels for poor outcomes. Results:A total of 316 patients were enrolled, among them, 256 had good outcomes (81.01%), 60 had poor outcomes (18.99%) and 13 died (4.11%). Forty-seven patients (14.87%) had elevated serum cTnI levels. The proportion of patients with elevated serum cTnI levels in the poor outcome group was significantly higher than that in the good outcome group (45% vs. 7.81%; P<0.001). Compared with the good outcome group, the Glasgow Coma Scale score of the poor outcome group was lower, and the Hunt-Hess grades and Fisher grades were higher ( P<0.001). The proportion of patients with elevated NT-proBNP levels and abnormal electrocardiogram in the poor outcome group (all P<0.001) were also significantly higher than those in the good outcome group. The proportion of receiving stent-assisted coil embolization, cerebrospinal fluid replacement and ventricular drainage, as well as the incidence of complicated with cerebral infarction, hydrocephalus, seizure and rebleeding in the poor outcome group were significantly higher than those in the good outcome group (all P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for other confounding factors, Hunt-Hess grading 3-5 (odds ratio [ OR] 6.615, 95% confidence interval [ CI]2.158-20.278; P=0.001), Fisher grading 3-4 ( OR 3.719, 95% CI 1.479-9.352; P=0.005), cerebral infarction ( OR 15.814, 95% CI 4.978-50.235; P<0.001), rebleeding ( OR 13.324, 95% CI 2.092-84.881, P=0.006) and elevated serum cTnI levels ( OR 3.874, 95% CI 1.406-10.672; P=0.009) were significantly and independently associated with the poor outcomes, which could independently predict the poor outcomes after the onset of aSAH at 90 d. The area under the ROC curve for serum cTnI levels predicting poor outcomes was 0.747 (95% CI 0.666-0.828; P<0.001). The best cut-off value was 0.025 μg/L, the sensitivity and specificity were 60.0% and 87.9%, respectively. Conclusion:The elevated serum cTnI levels have certain predictive value for the poor outcomes of patients with aSAH after endovascular coil embolization.

Correction to: EPAC Negatively Regulates Myelination via Controlling Proliferation of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells / 神经科学通报·英文版

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake.

Down-regulation of Protein Phosphatase 2A Catalytic Subunit Involved in Mitochondria Fission/fusion Dynamics Imbalance and Functional Impairment Induced by Human tau / 中国医学科学院学报

To explore whether the downregulation of protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit(PP2Ac)involved in the pathogenesis of mitochondria fission/fusion dynamics and functional imbalance induced by human tau accumulation. After cotransfection with mito-dsRed plasmids and pIRES-eGFP-tau40 plasmids 48 hours,the rat primary hippocampal neurons were observed with a laser scanning confocal microscope for their changes in shape and distribution of mitochondria.The expressions of mitochondria fission/fusion protein and PP2Ac and PP2Ab were detected by Western blotting.Furthermore,the shape and distribution of mitochondria of rat primary hippocampal neuron and wild type 293wt cells were assayed 48 hours after co-transfection with siPP2Ac-EGFP plasmids and mito-DsRed plasmids,and the fission/fusion dynamics of 293wt cells was captured with live cell time-lapse imaging after co-transfection with siPP2Ac plasmids and mito-Dendra2 plasmids.After transfection with siPP2Ac plasmids,the relative level of mitochondria fission/fusion protein of 293wt cells was assayed by Western blotting,and mitochondria membrane potential was detected by JC-1 staining,and the cellular viability was measured by CCK8 assay.Finally,the shape and distribution and membrane potential of mitochondria of HEK293 cells with stable transfection of htau40(293htau)were detected after co-transfection with PP2Ac and mito-dsRed plasmids. Human tau40 expression decreased distribution of mitochondria and significantly lowered PP2Ac level in primary hippocampal neuron(=4.814, =0.0086).Down-regulation of PP2Ac caused mitochondria elongation and perinuclear accumulation in primary hippocampal neuron and 293wt cells;in addition,down-regulation of PP2Ac in 293wt cells significantly increased mitochondria fusion rate(=2.857, =0.0074)and the levels of mitochondria fusion protein mitofusin(MFN)1(=6.768, =0.0025),MFN2(=3.121, =0.0035),and optic atrophy 1(=3.775, =0.0199);however,the levels of dynamin-like protein-1 and Fis1 remained unchanged.The down-regulation of PP2Ac in 293wt cells led to the significant decrease in mitochondria membrane potential(=2.300, =0.0270)and cell viability(=6.249, <0.0001).Finally,up-regulation of PP2Ac attenuated the abnormalities in the shape,distribution and function of mitochondria in the 293htau cells. Down-regulation of PP2Ac is involved in the abnormal shape and distribution of mitochondria and its dysfunction induced by human tau40 in rat primary hippocampal neurons and HEK293 cells.

Oxidative damage effect of povidone-iodine on corneal epithelial cells / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To investigate the oxidative damage effect of povidone iodine on corneal epithelial cells. <p>METHODS:To study the oxidative damage effect of different concentrations of povidone iodine, the cultured epithelial cells were randomly divided into control group, low concentration group, medium concentration group and high concentration group. To study the oxidative damage effect of disinfection time of povidone iodine, the cultured corneal epithelial cells were randomly divided into control group, short time group, medium time group and long time group. Malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were detected by ELISA, cell viability was detected by CCK-8 method and inverted microscope, and apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry. <p>RESULTS: The higher concentration of povidone iodine was associated with the higher MDA content, the lower SOD content, the lower cell activities and the higher apoptotic rate of the corneal epithelial cells, which was in a dose-independent manner. The differences among four groups were statistically significant(all <i>P</i><0.01). The longer disinfection time of povidone iodine was related with the higher MDA content, the lower SOD content, the lower cell activities and the higher apoptotic rate of corneal epithelial cells, which was in a time-independent manner. The differences among four groups were statistically significant(all <i>P</i><0.01). <p>CONCLUSION: The oxidative damage of povidone iodine on corneal epithelial cells were in a dose independent and time dependent manner.

Effect of extracurricular exercise on college students’ physical health / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To research the effect of using the campus running APP for extra-curricular exercises on the physical health of college students and the habits formation of extracurricular exercises, and to provide a reference for improving their physcal health level and cultivating exercising habit.@*Methods@#Through experimental method and questionnaire investigation, 1 327 students enrolled in the year 2016 were selected from Shanghai University of Finance and Economics by using cluster sampling method. Running App was used to track their extracurvicular exercises for 7 weeks, and the results were compared before and affer running.@*Results@#The 56-kilometer extracurricular running had a significant difference in the male 1 000 m running index (P<0.05), and the average time spent decreased by 3.69 s. The female test scores in 50 m, forward bends, standing long jumps and sit-ups increased by 0.12 s, 1.83 cm, 2.12 cm and 2.28 respectively, showing statistical significance compared with before running(P<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference for general assessment of male physical test between after and before running (P>0.05); The average score of general assessment of female physical test was significantly higher than that before running, which is statistically significant (P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#Using the campus running APP for extracurricular exercises has a positive effect on cultivating students’ sports habits and enhancing their physical health.

Research Progress on Chiral Separation Methods and Toxic Effects of Methamphetamine Enantiomers / 法医学杂志

Methamphetamine （MAMP） is a kind of amphetamine-type stimulants （ATS） which contains one chiral carbon atom in its structure. Therefore a pair of enantiomers, S-（+）-MAMP and R-（-）-MAMP exist. R type and S type methamphetamines possess similar physicochemical properties, but has largely different pharmacological and toxic effects. S-（+）-MAMP is the main component of addictive drug "Ice" at present, seriously affecting human health and public safety. The separation analysis and mechanism of toxic effects discussions on MAMP are the current research focuses. This paper reviews the research progress of separation analysis methods and toxic effects of methamphetamine enantiomers to provide reference for forensic study and forensic practice.

Analysis on related factors of lymph node metastasis and ovary involvement in endometrioid adenocarcinoma / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To investigate the related factors of lymph node metastasis and ovary involvement in endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Methods The clinicopathological data of endometrioid adenocarcinoma patients who underwent surgical treatment at the first affiliated hospital of university of science and technology of China from January 2011 to January 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 189 endometrioid adenocarcinoma were retrieved in the study. Results In the univariate analysis, D-dimer, preoperative plasma fibrinogen and CA125 levels could be elevated in endometrioid adenocarcinoma patients with ovary involvement (all P<0.05). Endometroid adenocarcinoma patients with lymph node metastasis had lower body mass index (BMI) (t=2.133, P=0.040), preoperative plasma fibrinogen, D-dimer, CA125 levels and BMI were higher in patients with lymph node metastasis (all P<0.05). In Logistic regression analysis, D-dimer levels(OR=1.448, 95% CI:1.105-1.898) and preoperative plasma fibrinogen(OR=1.925, 95% CI:1.018-3.640) were elevated in endometrioid adenocarcinoma patients with ovary involvement; Multiparity was the protective factor(OR=0.498, 95% CI: 0.253-0.982) for endometrioid adenocarcinoma patients with lymph node metastasis, but elevated preoperative plasma fibrinogen (OR=2.191, 95% CI: 1.085-4.422) was the risk factor among the patients. Conclusion Increased preoperative plasma fibrinogen or D-dimer levels could be predictors of lymph node metastasis or ovary involvement in endometrioid adenocarcinoma.